2-Axis Joystick Arduino Project, Joystick Button, Potentiometer

Description:

2-Axis Joystick Arduino Project- In this tutorial, you will learn how to use a 2-Axis analog joystick with Arduino and control some LEDs as per the movement of the joystick. We have placed 4 LEDs in such a way that it represents the direction of the joystick shaft movement.

This joystick also has a push-button that can be used for various other purposes or it can be left unconnected. In this tutorial, I am using the joystick push-button for activating and deactivating the joystick. When the joystick push button is pressed an Led is turned on which means that the joystick is ready and can be used to control the LEDs. When the joystick push button is pressed again the Led is turned off which means that the joystick cannot be used to control the led’s, this Tutorial covers each and every detail, this tutorials covers

1. Complete Circuit diagram explanation

2. Interfacing

3. Programming and finally

4. Testing

Watch Video Tutorial:

For more amazing GSM, Radio Frequency, PLC and SCADA, IoT, ESP8266, ESP32, Robotics, Image Processing, Security systems based projects visit, Electronic Clinic.

The components and tools used in this project can be purchased from Amazon, the components Purchase links are given below:

Arduino Uno:

Mega 2560:

Joystick:

Super Starter kit for Beginners

Vero Board / stripboard:

Soldering iron kit: "best" You guys should definitely purchase this

Solder wire:

Wire Stripper:

wire cutter:

PCB small portable drill machine:

*Please Note:
These are affiliate links. I may make a commission if you buy the components through these links. I would appreciate your support in this way!

Step 1: Circuit Diagram

This is the complete circuit diagram

designed in cadsoft eagle 9.1.0 version. If you want to learn how to make a schematic and PCB then watch my tutorial, the link is given below.

Learn how to make a Schematic & PCB:

https://youtu.be/3TlzoF0YpH8

The joystick ground pin is connected with the Arduino’s ground. +5v pin is connected with the Arduino’s 5 volt. The VRx and VRy pins are connected with the analog pins A1 and A2 while the SW pin of the joystick is connected with the digital pin 4 of the Arduino. 330 ohm resistors are connected with all the LEDs. These are the current limiting resistors. These four LEDs are used to represent the Forward, Right, Left, and Reverse movement as per the joystick shaft movement, while the 5th led is used as the indicator.

Step 2: Joystick Arduino Programming

//https://www.electroniclinic.com/

int button = 4;

int vrx = A1; int vry = A2;

int xdata = 0; int ydata = 0;

int led1 = 8; //FORWARD int led2 = 9; // RIGHT int led3 = 10; //LEFT int led4 = 11; //Reverse int led5 = 13; // indicator

int flag = 0; int buttonf = 0;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(vrx, INPUT); pinMode(vry, INPUT);

pinMode(button, INPUT); digitalWrite(button , HIGH);

pinMode(led1, OUTPUT); pinMode(led2, OUTPUT); pinMode(led3, OUTPUT); pinMode(led4, OUTPUT); pinMode(led5, OUTPUT);

//keep all the led's off by default digitalWrite(led1, LOW); digitalWrite(led2, LOW); digitalWrite(led3, LOW); digitalWrite(led4, LOW); digitalWrite(led5, LOW);

}

void loop() {

control();

if( buttonf == 1 ) { joystick(); }

if( buttonf == 0 ) { delay(100); }

}

void control() { if (( digitalRead(button) == LOW ) && (buttonf == 0)) {

Serial.println(" Started"); digitalWrite(led5, HIGH); buttonf = 1; delay(1000);

}

if (( digitalRead(button) == LOW ) && (buttonf == 1)) { digitalWrite(led5, LOW); Serial.println("ended"); buttonf = 0; delay(1000); } digitalWrite(button , HIGH); }

void joystick() {

xdata = analogRead(vrx); ydata = analogRead(vry); xdata = map(xdata,0,1023,0,10); ydata = map(ydata,0,1023,0,10);

/* Serial.println(""); Serial.print("xdata: "); Serial.println(xdata); Serial.print("ydata :"); Serial.print(ydata); delay(1000); *

/ stop

if ( (xdata == 4) && (ydata ==4) && (flag == 0) ) { digitalWrite(led1, LOW); //FORWARD digitalWrite(led2, LOW); //RIGHT digitalWrite(led3, LOW); //LEFT digitalWrite(led4, LOW); //Reverse Serial.println("Stopped"); flag = 1; delay(100); }

//forward if ( (xdata > 4) && (ydata >= 4) && ( flag == 1) ) { digitalWrite(led1, HIGH); //FORWARD digitalWrite(led2, LOW); //RIGHT digitalWrite(led3, LOW); //LEFT digitalWrite(led4, LOW); //Reverse Serial.println("Forward"); flag = 0; delay(100); }

//Right if ( (xdata >= 4) && (ydata > 4) && ( flag == 1) ) { digitalWrite(led1, LOW); //FORWARD digitalWrite(led2, HIGH); //RIGHT digitalWrite(led3, LOW); //LEFT digitalWrite(led4, LOW); //Reverse Serial.println("Right"); flag = 0; delay(100); }

//Left if ( (xdata >= 4) && (ydata < 4) && ( flag == 1) ) { digitalWrite(led1, LOW); //FORWARD digitalWrite(led2, LOW); //RIGHT digitalWrite(led3, HIGH); //LEFT digitalWrite(led4, LOW); //Reverse Serial.println("Left"); flag = 0; delay(100); }

//Backward if ( (xdata < 4) && (ydata >= 4) && ( flag == 1) ) { digitalWrite(led1, LOW); //FORWARD digitalWrite(led2, LOW); //RIGHT digitalWrite(led3, LOW); //LEFT digitalWrite(led4, HIGH); //Reverse Serial.println("Reverse"); flag = 0; delay(100); } }

Program
Explanation:

int button = 4; // the SW pin which is the switch pin of the joystick is connected with pin number 4 of the Arduino.

int vrx = A1; // the VRx pin of the joystick is connected with the analog pin A1 of the Arduino

int vry = A2; // the VRy pin of the joystick is connected with the analog pin A2 of the Arduino.

Then I defined two variables of the type integer for storing the VRx and VRy values.

Then I defined some pins for the LEDs,

int flag = 0; // this is used to stop the unnecessary repetition of code.

int buttonf = 0; // this is used to control the joystick.

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600); // activates the serial communication. 9600 is the baud rate. This is used for the debugging purposes, once the programming is completed then we can simply comment this line.

pinMode is a function and it takes two arguments as the input, the pin number or pin name and the status which can be input or output. Set the VRx ,VRy and button as input. Set the button at logic level high. Set all the led’s as output, keep all the LEDs in off state.

Then starts the void loop function.

To keep the code simple and organized I created two functions, one for the joystick control and another one for accessing the VRx and VRy values to control some led’s.

if( buttonf == 1 ) then simply keep executing the joystick function which is a user defined function. which I will explain in a minute.

if( buttonf == 0 ) then simply keep executing this delay function. Which is a very small delay.

Void control()

This is a user defined function and its name is control, it has no return type and it doesn’t take any arguments as the input. This function consists of only two if conditions, the purpose of these conditions is to change the buttonf state from 0 to 1 and from 1 to zero each type the joystick button is pressed, and also turns on and turns off the led, if the LED is On it means the joystick can be used to control the other LEDs, and if this led is off it means the joystick is not active. The digitalread function is used to check if the button is pressed, so each time the button is pressed the state of the buttonf is changed.

Joystick is a user defined function; it has no return type and doesn’t take any arguments as the input.

xdata = analogRead(vrx); // reads the VRx pin and store the value in xdata.

ydata = analogRead(vry); // reads the VRy pin of the joystick and store the value in ydata.

As the VRx and VRy pins gives values that ranges from 0 to 1023, to reduce this range I used the map function and limit the maximum value to 10. So now I will get values from 0 to 10.

These are the conditions which are used to check the values stored in xdata and ydata. If both the values are equal then turn off all the LEDs and change the flag state to 1.

If the xdata is > 4 and ydata is greater than or equal to 4 then it means forward, turn on led1 and change the flag state back to 0. You might be thinking about the 4… 4 is actually the value that you get on pins VRx and VRy when the joystick is in normal state.

Similarly for all the remaining conditions.