Detecting Obstacles and Warning - Arduino UNO and Ultrasonic

This is tutorial to help you understand ultrasonic and buzzer and go deeper into learning Arduino, follow these steps and give me feedback.

Step 1: THINGS USED IN THIS PROJECT

1. Test Board

2. Ultrasonic sensor

3. +5V buzzer

4. Male to male pins

5. Arduino uno board Tools and materials are shown in the picture

Step 2: A Little Bit About Ultrasonic HC-sr 04

The Ultrasonic Sensor sends out a high-frequency sound pulse and then times how long it takes for the echo of the sound to reflect back. The sensor has 2 openings on its front. One opening transmits ultrasonic waves, (like a tiny speaker), the other receives them, (like a tiny microphone).

The speed of sound is approximately 341 meters (1100 feet) per second in air. The ultrasonic sensor uses this information along with the time difference between sending and receiving the sound pulse to determine the distance to an object. It uses the following mathematical equation:

Distance = Time x Speed of Sound divided by 2Time = the time between when an ultrasonic wave is transmitted and when it is receivedYou divide this number by 2 because the sound wave has to travel to the object and back.

HC-SR04 Specifications
Working Voltage: DC 5VWorking
Current: 15mA
Working Frequency: 40Hz
Max Range: 4m
Min Range: 2cm
Measuring Angle: 15 degreeTrigger
Input Signal: 10µS TTL pulse
Echo Output Signal Input TTL lever signal and the range in proportion
Dimension 45 * 20 * 15mm