Add Video & Audio to Your Microcontroller Project

7 Segment LED displays are useful for displaying numbers and bitmap LCD's can do simple graphics, but sometimes a real, color video output is the easiest way to go:

Composite video (a.k.a., RCA Jack) is ubiquitous, and works with 3" - 60" displays
640x480 color screen lets you display complex information, graphics, charts and animations
Composite is inexpensive, easy to program, can run with a small memory footprint, and uses cheap cables

This instructable is for the ProtoPlus, a circuit board I designed to add video and audio connections to the Propeller Platform. Because the Propeller already has video generation circuitry on the chip, generating video is very simple. I used the rest of the space on the board to include a 240 hole 2-row / 3-row prototyping area and audio connection.

I use slightly longer pin headers than normal so it can be connected on top or below the Propeller Platform. I also marked the traces in the prototyping area on the silkscreen to make it easy to see how the traces are connected. The ProtoPlus is available as a kit on Gadget Gangster.

The Propeller can output PAL or NTSC, here are a few samples of what can be done:

Fancy Graphics

Really Fancy 3D Graphics (You have to watch this one!)

UI / Information Display

Step 1: FAQ

What is the ProtoPlus?
It's an expansion module for the Propeller Platform, it lets you connect video and audio to your Prop and has a prototyping area.

What does it work with?
It's set up to work the Parallax Propeller, it will fit on top (or below) the Propeller platform, or you can drop it on a breadboard.

Will it work with Arduino or PICaxe?
No. Arduino and PICaxe simply aren't fast enough to generate video on their own, they need a 'helper' microcontroller dedicated to video. The tellymate is one such tool I'm aware of, although it is B/W, text-only.

NTSC or PAL?
Up to you - the Propeller is perfectly content to generate either signal.

Step 2: Parts and Tools

Here are the parts you'll need. If you've ordered a kit, double check to make sure your package has all the parts listed. If there's anything missing, just email us at info@gadgetgangster.com;

0.01 uF Radial Ceramic Cap
47 uF Radial Electrolytic Cap
40 pin headers
2x 1.1k Resistors (Brown - Brown - Red)
560 ohm Resistor (Green - Blue - Brown)
270 ohm Resistor (Red - Violet - Brown)
2x RCA phono jacks
ProtoPlus PCB

To build it, you'll need a 20-30 watt soldering iron and a pair of dikes. See my Soldering tutorial if this is your first time soldering.

Step 3: Make: Resistors

Let's start by adding the 3 resistors that make up the video DAC;

R1 is 1.1k ohms, it's Brown - Brown - Red

R2 is 560 ohms, it's Green - Blue - Brown

R3 is 270 ohms, it's Red - Violet - Brown

Add R4. That's also 1.1k ohms (Brown - Brown - Red)

Step 4: Make: Capacitors

There are 2 capacitors:

C2 is the ceramic .01uF capacitor, it's not polarized, so it doesn't matter which way it goes in.

C1 is the electrolytic 47uF capacitor. It IS polarized, the longer lead goes through the square hole closer to the '+'. The stripe on the body of the capacitor goes on the side closer to the edge of the board.

Step 5: Make: Connectors

Add the 2 RCA connectors. The connector marked 'TV' will output TV, and the Audio connector outputs line level audio.

Step 6: Make: Pin Headers

The easiest way to add the pin headers is to insert them into a breadboard (or a Propeller Platform, as shown in the picture), put the board on top, and solder it down. Once the pin headers are soldered to the ProtoPlus, just lift it off your breadboard and you've got straight pin headers.

Step 7: Using It and Downloads

Using It: Video

Doing video with the Propeller is straightforward:

Get the Propeller Tool. This is the development environment for the Prop. Links for Mac/Linux and windows are in the download section below.
Include the 'tv_text' object. The Propeller tool comes with a decent library of objects, including a TV object. In the OBJ section of your code, just include:
```
text: "tv_text"
```
Start up the TV. Use:
```
text.start(12)
```
Put stuff on the screen with text.str, text.hex, text.out, etc. Here's an example:
```
text.str(string(13,"Hello World",$C,1)) 
```

The entire program would be:

CON
_clkmode = xtal1 + pll16x 'sets the Prop to 16x the xtal
_xinfreq = 5_000_000 'tells the Prop the xtal is running at 5MHz
   
OBJ
text : "tv_text" 'include this object

PUB start
text.start(12) 'start up the TV with basepin 11
text.str(string(13,"Hello World",$C,1)) ' use the method 'str' to put up text

This is just a summary of putting up basic text. Graphics are a bit more complicated, but not bad, take a look at the Graphics_demo to see how to do animation, shapes, and graphics.

Using It: Audio

Audio is just as easy. There are already objects to play .wav files, voice synthesis, and frequency synthesis. If you just want quick and dirty example, Kwabena's speaker driver object looks easy. Grab the object, change the PWM_Pin constant to 11, and here's an example usage:

CON
_clkmode = xtal1 + pll16x 'sets the Prop to 16x the xtal
_xinfreq = 5_000_000 'tells the Prop the xtal is running at 5MHz
   
OBJ
speaker : "PWMEngine" 'include this object

PUB start
speaker.PWMEngine 'start up the speaker
speaker.changespeakerfrequency(1000) 'change frequency to 1,000 hertz
speaker.changespeakervolume(50) 'volume to 50%
waitcnt(clkfreq + cnt) ' cnt = current system time, clkfreq = ticks in 1 second
speaker.changespeakerfrequency(6000) 'change frequency to 6,000 hertz

Downloads

Hi-res photos are up on flickr

The board is available under the MIT license (public domain). You can download the design in DipTrace Format, pdf, or png.

The Propeller tool (the programming environment for the Propeller) for Mac/Linux and Windows. Also, don't forget to grab a PDF of the Propeller Manual.

Get ProtoPlus or Propeller Platform on Gadget Gangster

Introduction: Add Video & Audio to Your Microcontroller Project