Introduction: RFID and Bluetooth Door Lock
Hi
This is my first Instructable and my first arduino project, I hope you will find it useful as well.
After looking through the projects on Instructables I could only find either a bluetooth door lock or a rfid door lock, not both so I decided to create one myself. Though the build is not totally complete I have tested it out properly and it does work without any problems.
I would first like to make clear that the 'Bluetooth app and the arduino code for reading bluetooth, and also the arduino code for reading the rfid' WAS NOT created by me. They have been sourced from other projects in Instructables. I would like to thank 'Taifur' for the Bluetooth app and code to go with it and apologise to the person who created the code for reading the RFID, as I have forgotten who it was.
16 April 2016 - New Arduino code and Fritzing diagram uploaded due to changes I have made to the originals.
Step 1: The Parts Needed
Parts required.
1 - Door Lock with Thumb Turn on the inside of the door
1 - Arduino Uno r3 (or compatible)
1 - 360 degree Servo
1 - HC-06 Bluetooth Module
1 - RC522 RFID Reader (Possbly Sintron, can not remember)
1 - 16 x 2 - 4 wire LDC screen
1 - RGB LED
2 - 220Ω Resistors
1 - Momentary Push Switch (to operate from the inside to lock/unlock the door)
1 - 10kΩ Resistor
2 - Double Back Boxes (1 approx 45mm depth and the other approx 33mm depth)
Jumper Wires
Power Supply ( I was going to use 2 x 9v batteries, but have decided to use mains powered 9v supply instead as more reliable)
Screws or strong double sided tape
1 - Servo Holder (I designed and printed my own)
** ----------------Waiting for delivery ---------------------------------------**
2 - Double Blanking Plates
1 - Length of 12 core alarm cable (length dependant on placement)
2 - 5amp Block Connectors (12 wires each)
** ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------**
Andriod Bluetooth Lock App. BTControl.apk
Attachments
Step 2: The Wiring
Power:
9v Regulated Power Supply (or batteries)
RFID Reader:
VCC - Pin 3.3v
GND - GND
Reset (RST) - Pin D9
SDA(SS) - Pin D10
MOSI - Pin D11
MISO - Pin D12
SCK - Pin D13
LCD Screen:
VCC - 5v
GND - GND
SDA - Pin A4
SCL - Pin A5
Momentary Switch:
VCC - 5v (as shown above)
GND to 10kΩ resistor (as shown above)
Pin 8 arduino (as shown above)
RGB LED:
Pin D7 to 220Ω resistor then to LED pin (Red)
Pin D6 to 220Ω resistor then to LED pin (Green)
Common (the long wire) - GND
Servo:
VCC - 5v
GND - GND
Signal - Pin D5
Bluetooth Module:
VCC - 5v
GND -GND
TX - D0 (RX)
RX - D1 (TX)
Fritzing Diagram:
Step 3: Putting It All Together
The Arduino, Bluetooth Module and Momentary Switch + RGB Led circuit fits into the 45mm Back Box. I have just used Blu-Tac to hold them in place as they will not be moved once fixed to the wall. I have soldered the switch, led and resistors to a circuit board along with creating a GND and VCC connections on either side of the circuit board, a Block Connector will also be placed in for the 12 Core Alarm Cable to connect the RFID and LCD Screen to the arduino. The lid will get 2 holes drilled in it to accommodate the switch and led.
The RFID and LCD Screen fits within the 33mm Back Box with a slot cut out for the LCD Screen to fit through. These will the be wired to the arduino with the 12 Core Alarm Cable and Block Connector.
For the Servo to connect to the door lock I 3D printed a holder to be screwed to the door and attached to the door lock.
Step 4: The Code - (Updated on 12 October 2020) - Also New File Uploaded.
/*
* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Typical pin layout used:
* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* MFRC522 Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino
* Reader/PCD Uno Mega Nano v3 Leonardo/Micro Pro Micro
* Signal Pin Pin Pin Pin Pin Pin
* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* RST/Reset RST 9 5 D9 RESET/ICSP-5 RST
* SPI SS SDA(SS) 10 53 D10 10 10
* SPI MOSI MOSI 11 / ICSP-4 51 D11 ICSP-4 16
* SPI MISO MISO 12 / ICSP-1 50 D12 ICSP-1 14
* SPI SCK SCK 13 / ICSP-3 52 D13 ICSP-3 15
*
*/
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Servo.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#define RST_PIN 9 // Configurable, see typical pin layout above
#define SS_PIN 10
#define Green_LED 6 //pin for green "door unlocked" indicator LED
#define Red_LED 7 //pin for red "door locked" indicator LED
String inputString = "";
String command = "";
String value = "";
String password = "password"; // this is the password for opening and closing your door by Bluetooth
// you can set any pasword you like using digit and symbols
boolean stringComplete = false;
char array1[]="Swipe To Unlock"; // the string to print on the LCD
char array2[]=" Door Locked ";
char array3[]=" Door Unlocked ";
char array4[]=" Locking ";
char array5[]=" Unlocking ";
char array6[]=" Accepted ";
char array7[]=" Swipe To Lock ";
int tim = 1; //the value of delay time
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x3F,16,2); // set the LCD address to 0x27 for a 16 chars and 2 line
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Create MFRC522 instance.
Servo myservo;
String read_rfid; // RFID tags ID
String ok_rfid_1="c6ecd82b";
String ok_rfid_2="f5642a50";
String ok_rfid_3="4314622993c81";
// String ok_rfid_4="43ef222993c81";
int addr = 1; // initalise eeprom address
int eVal = 0; // initalise value to be stored in eeprom
int lockPosition; // initialise lockPosition, used to value to sore in eVal
int servo_position;
int BUTTON1 = 8; // initialise the pin input of the lock/unlock button
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communications with the PC
while (!Serial);
SPI.begin();
mfrc522.PCD_Init();
inputString.reserve(50); // reserve 50 bytes in memory to save for string manipulation
command.reserve(50);
value.reserve(50);
boolean stringOK = false;
{
lcd.init(); //initialize the lcd
lcd.backlight(); //open the backlight
lcd.begin(16,2);
}
// sets pin modes input/output and lights led
pinMode(Green_LED, OUTPUT);
pinMode(Red_LED, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(Green_LED, LOW);
digitalWrite(Red_LED, HIGH);
pinMode(BUTTON1,INPUT);
myservo.attach(5); // servo pin number
// sets initial locl position
lockPosition = EEPROM.read(1);
// Serial.print(EEPROM.read(1));
if(lockPosition == 1){
digitalWrite(Red_LED, LOW);
digitalWrite(Green_LED, HIGH);
}
else {
digitalWrite(Red_LED, HIGH);
digitalWrite(Green_LED, LOW);
lockUnlock();
}
swipeText();
}
/*
* Dump a byte array as hex values to Serial.
*/
void dump_byte_array(byte *buffer, byte bufferSize) {
read_rfid="";
for (byte i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++) {
read_rfid=read_rfid + String(buffer[i], HEX);
}
}
void lockUnlock() { // locks or unlocks door
myservo.attach(5);
if(lockPosition == 1) {
lock1();
servo_position = 0;
myservo.write(servo_position);
digitalWrite(Red_LED, HIGH);
digitalWrite(Green_LED, LOW);
delay(2500);
lockPosition = 2;
eVal = lockPosition;
EEPROM.write(1,eVal);
// Serial.print(eVal);
}
else if(lockPosition == 2) {
lock2();
servo_position = 180;
myservo.write(servo_position);
digitalWrite(Red_LED, LOW);
digitalWrite(Green_LED, HIGH);
delay(2500);
lockPosition = 1;
eVal = lockPosition;
EEPROM.write(1,eVal);
// Serial.print(eVal);
}
myservo.detach();
}
void swipeText() // sends text to the lcd screen
{
if(lockPosition == 1){
lcd.clear(); //Clears the LCD screen and positions the cursor in the upper-left corner.
lcd.setCursor(0,0); // set the cursor to column 15, line 0
for (int positionCounter1 = 0; positionCounter1 < 15; positionCounter1++)
{
lcd.print(array3[positionCounter1]); // Print a message to the LCD.
delay(tim); //wait for 250 microseconds
}
lcd.setCursor(0,1); // set the cursor to column 15, line 1
for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 15; positionCounter++)
{
lcd.print(array7[positionCounter]); // Print a message to the LCD.
delay(tim); //wait for 250 microseconds
}
}
else if(lockPosition == 2){
lcd.clear(); //Clears the LCD screen and positions the cursor in the upper-left corner.
lcd.setCursor(0,0); // set the cursor to column 15, line 0
for (int positionCounter1 = 0; positionCounter1 < 15; positionCounter1++)
{
lcd.print(array2[positionCounter1]); // Print a message to the LCD.
delay(tim); //wait for 250 microseconds
}
lcd.setCursor(0,1); // set the cursor to column 15, line 1
for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 15; positionCounter++)
{
lcd.print(array1[positionCounter]); // Print a message to the LCD.
delay(tim); //wait for 250 microseconds
}
}
}
void lock1() // sends text to the lcd screen locking
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
for (int positionCounter1 = 0; positionCounter1 < 15; positionCounter1++)
{
lcd.print(array6[positionCounter1]);
delay(tim);
}
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
for (int positionCounter1 = 0; positionCounter1 < 10; positionCounter1++)
{
lcd.print(array4[positionCounter1]);
delay(tim);
}
}
void lock2() // sends text to the lcd screen for unlocking
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
for (int positionCounter1 = 0; positionCounter1 < 15; positionCounter1++)
{
lcd.print(array6[positionCounter1]);
delay(tim);
}
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
for (int positionCounter1 = 0; positionCounter1 < 12; positionCounter1++)
{
lcd.print(array5[positionCounter1]);
delay(tim);
}
}
void loop() {
// checks for lock/unlock button press
if(digitalRead(BUTTON1) == HIGH){
lockUnlock();
swipeText();
}
// checks if bluetooth has sent a command
// if arduino receive a string termination character like \n stringComplete will set to true
if (stringComplete) {
//Serial.println(inputString);
delay(100);
// identified the posiion of '=' in string and set its index to pos variable
int pos = inputString.indexOf('=');
// value of pos variable > or = 0 means '=' present in received string.
if (pos > -1) {
// substring(start, stop) function cut a specific portion of string from start to stop
// here command will be the portion of received string till '='
// let received string is open=test123
// then command is 'open'
command = inputString.substring(0, pos);
// value will be from after = to newline command
// for the above example value is test123
// we just ignoreing the '=' taking first parameter of substring as 'pos+1'
// we are using '=' as a separator between command and vale
// without '=' any other character can be used
// we are using = menas our command or password must not contains any '=', otherwise it will cause error
value = inputString.substring(pos+1, inputString.length()-1); // extract command up to \n exluded
//Serial.println(command);
//Serial.println(value);
// checks password from bluetooth and is correct locks or unlocks the door
// password.compareTo(value) compare between password tring and value string, if match return 0
if(!password.compareTo(value) && (command == "OPEN")){
// if password matched and command is 'OPEN' than door should open
lockUnlock(); // call lockUnlock() function
Serial.println(" OPEN"); // sent open feedback to phone
delay(100);
swipeText();
}
if(!password.compareTo(value) && (command == "CLOSE")){
// if password matched and command is 'CLOSE' than door should close
lockUnlock();
Serial.println(" CLOSE"); // sent " CLOSE" string to the phone
delay(100);
swipeText();
}
if(password.compareTo(value)){
// if password not matched than sent wrong feedback to phone
Serial.println(" WRONG");
delay(100);
swipeText();
}
}
// clear the string for next iteration
inputString = "";
stringComplete = false;
}
// looks for rfid tag to be presented
if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
return;
// Select one of the cards
if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
return;
dump_byte_array(mfrc522.uid.uidByte, mfrc522.uid.size);
// checks if an rfid tags ID matches the stored list, if so it will then lock or unlock the door
Serial.println(read_rfid);
if (read_rfid==ok_rfid_1) {
//ok, open the door.
lockUnlock();
swipeText();
}
//Add below as many "keys" as you want
if (read_rfid==ok_rfid_2) {
//also ok, open the door
lockUnlock();
swipeText();
}
//Add below as many "keys" as you want
if (read_rfid==ok_rfid_3) {
//also ok, open the door
lockUnlock();
swipeText();
}
}
void serialEvent() {
while (Serial.available()) {
// get the new byte:
char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
//Serial.write(inChar);
// add it to the inputString:
inputString += inChar;
// if the incoming character is a newline or a carriage return, set a flag
// so the main loop can do something about it:
if (inChar == '\n' || inChar == '\r') {
stringComplete = true;
}
}
}